When must a California action be brought to trial?

The established commencement of the action against this defendant

Identify the actual commencement and trial events. Scheduling a trial does not itself establish that the action was brought to trial.

Responsible actor. The plaintiff prosecuting the action to trial. Use established commencement against the defendant and an ordinary period without excluded intervals, applicable historical emergency extensions or an altered statutory branch. Only the disclosed component is supported. Additional actual closures, altered orders and excluded service methods require separate review.

1. Use established commencement against the defendant and an ordinary period without excluded intervals, applicable historical emergency extensions or an altered statutory branch. Only the disclosed component is supported. Additional actual closures, altered orders and excluded service methods require separate review.
2. Count 5 calendar years from the legally established event to the corresponding anniversary. Check the final holiday under CCP 12a. The calculator does not establish accrual, classify the claim or resolve tolling.
3. Check the actual judicial holidays, closures and statutory or court-ordered qualifications.
4. Bring the action to trial within the legally applicable period. Preserve docket events and proof of any period claimed to be excluded.

CCP 12 excludes the triggering day for ordinary day periods. CCP 12a supplies the final judicial-holiday adjustment, including Saturdays and the CCP 135 holidays. CCP 12b addresses qualifying whole-day office closures. Court-day periods exclude intermediate Saturdays, Sundays and judicial holidays. Calendar-day periods include intermediate closed days. Rule 1.11 supplies Friday observance of a Saturday judicial holiday and Monday observance of a Sunday judicial holiday. The calendar includes Lincoln Day, March 31, Juneteenth, Native American Day and Thanksgiving Friday. It excludes Columbus Day and Good Friday as ordinary full judicial holidays. The observed New Year holiday on December 31, 2027 is confirmed in the county schedule. Actual additional closures require separate evidence.

These base components do not add mail, electronic, fax, express or overnight service time. CCP 1013 and 1010.6 identify eligible additions, service conditions and express exceptions. CCP 1005 supplies its own motion-delivery provisions and excludes CCP 1013 for its identified notices. New-trial and CCP 663a intention-notice filings do not receive the stated mail or electronic additions. Establish the actual service method and governing procedure before applying any addition. A summons-service completion event is not determined by the general document-service addition.

The official sections were reviewed, including the retained 2026 and operative-2027 CCP 473 and 415.20 editions. Publication coverage for day and court-day components begins January 1, 2026, or a later expressly stated section effective date. Year components begin no earlier than January 1, 2021, or the section’s later stated effective date, and assume the current reviewed branch applies. These are software coverage boundaries, not findings that an actual act is late. Displayed final dates are confined to the independently reviewed 2026 and 2027 judicial calendar. Closed backward base boundaries and closed minimum-deposition boundaries receive no computed or paid date because their exact adjustment is not implemented. Earlier editions, emergency measures, tolling, different service methods and actual additional closures require separate review.

Fictitious example

Use established commencement against the defendant and an ordinary period without excluded intervals, applicable historical emergency extensions or an altered statutory branch. Only the disclosed component is supported. Additional actual closures, altered orders and excluded service methods require separate review. Established accrual or service for the disclosed ordinary component, without tolling or another controlling period.

Fictitious facts within the stated coverage. This is the disclosed component, not a determination of legal accrual, effective service, court action or entitlement. No tolling, different service addition, altered order or additional closure is assumed. Closed unsupported base branches receive no computed date.

Excluded trial time

CCP 583.340 excludes the stated suspended trial jurisdiction, stayed or enjoined prosecution or trial, and qualifying impossibility, impracticability or futility.

Trial after a new trial

CCP 583.320 has separate new-trial, mistrial and remittitur branches and preserves the unexpired CCP 583.310 period.

Service methods and distinct statutory additions

These base components do not add mail, electronic, fax, express or overnight service time. CCP 1013 and 1010.6 identify eligible additions, service conditions and express exceptions. CCP 1005 supplies its own motion-delivery provisions and excludes CCP 1013 for its identified notices. New-trial and CCP 663a intention-notice filings do not receive the stated mail or electronic additions. Establish the actual service method and governing procedure before applying any addition. A summons-service completion event is not determined by the general document-service addition.

Edition and calendar coverage

The official sections were reviewed, including the retained 2026 and operative-2027 CCP 473 and 415.20 editions. Publication coverage for day and court-day components begins January 1, 2026, or a later expressly stated section effective date. Year components begin no earlier than January 1, 2021, or the section’s later stated effective date, and assume the current reviewed branch applies. These are software coverage boundaries, not findings that an actual act is late. Displayed final dates are confined to the independently reviewed 2026 and 2027 judicial calendar. Closed backward base boundaries and closed minimum-deposition boundaries receive no computed or paid date because their exact adjustment is not implemented. Earlier editions, emergency measures, tolling, different service methods and actual additional closures require separate review.

• Use established commencement against the defendant and an ordinary period without excluded intervals, applicable historical emergency extensions or an altered statutory branch. Only the disclosed component is supported. Additional actual closures, altered orders and excluded service methods require separate review.
• The base calculation does not resolve the excluded comparisons or establish that the responsible actor completed the required act.

• The established commencement of the action against this defendant
• Identify the actual commencement and trial events. Scheduling a trial does not itself establish that the action was brought to trial.
• CCP 583.340 excludes the stated suspended trial jurisdiction, stayed or enjoined prosecution or trial, and qualifying impossibility, impracticability or futility.
• CCP 583.320 has separate new-trial, mistrial and remittitur branches and preserves the unexpired CCP 583.310 period.
• Bring the action to trial within the legally applicable period. Preserve docket events and proof of any period claimed to be excluded.
• Where filing is required, distinguish accepted filing from service. CCP 1010.6(e)(3) gives the stated same-court-day treatment to qualifying electronic court receipt between 12:00 a.m. and 11:59:59 p.m.; noncourt-day receipt is deemed on the next court day. Its confirmation and rejection provisions still matter. Preserve the accepted filing confirmation, effective service evidence and applicable local requirements. Court-office paper availability and case-specific orders require separate review. This does not turn a service-only response, court determination, completed discovery or trial commencement into a filing-only act.