United States · Federal appellate procedure
When must the notice-filing attorney submit a representation statement?
FRAP 12(b) gives the attorney who filed the notice of appeal fourteen days after filing to submit a representation statement. File with the circuit clerk and name the represented parties. A different time designated by the court controls. Authorized direct bankruptcy appeals use Rule 6(c)(2)(K) separately.
- Period
- Fourteen calendar days after verified filing, under the scoped default
- Trigger
- Filing of the notice of appeal by the attorney, under the unchanged Rule 12(b) default
- Rule
- FRAP 12(b)
December 1, 2025 compilation
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Which filing starts this appellate period?
Verify actual notice-of-appeal filing and identify the attorney who filed it.
Read any circuit direction designating a different representation time.
Identify the parties that attorney represents on appeal.
Distinguish the circuit’s later appeal docketing and record filing under Rule 12(a) and (c).
FRAP 12(b)How is the fourteen-day default counted?
- Verify the filing event and scoped procedure.
- Exclude the actual filing day.
- Count fourteen calendar days.
- Check the final-day calendar, inaccessibility and applicable directions.
Exclude the verified filing day and count every calendar day under FRAP 26(a)(1). If the final day is Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday, carry to the next open day. Read actual orders and inaccessibility notices separately.
FRAP 26(a)(6) includes the listed federal holidays, holidays declared by the President or Congress, and for a period after an event, additional state holidays where the challenged district court or circuit clerk’s principal office is located. Check the actual court and state calendars. The national calculator does not infer additional holidays, inaccessibility or granted relief.
These scoped clocks run from filing rather than service. A service-dependent FRAP 26(c) addition does not attach merely because a copy was served.
FRAP 26(a)(4)–(6) and (b)What does a worked calculation look like?
Fictitious example
In a fictitious scoped appeal, the attorney files the notice of appeal on July 6, 2026. Exclude July 6 and count fourteen calendar days. The final Monday is assumed open, with no additional state holiday, inaccessibility or different direction.
| Step | What is counted | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Trigger | Attorney’s notice-of-appeal filing | July 6, 2026 |
| Count | 14 calendar days after filing | July 20, 2026 |
Fictitious dates. Assume the stated default applies and no extra holiday, inaccessibility or different direction. A calculated date does not establish permission or accepted filing.
Try these dates in the calculatorWhat changes permission or timing?
- Notice-filing attorney
- Rule 12(b) identifies the attorney who filed the notice. It does not impose this default on every party’s attorney solely because the appeal was docketed.
- Different designated time
- The court of appeals may designate another representation time. Confirm actual circuit directions before using the fourteen-day default.
- Circuit clerk and named parties
- The attorney files the statement with the circuit clerk, naming the parties represented on appeal.
- Direct bankruptcy appeal is separate
- Rule 6(c)(1)(A) excludes Rules 9–12 for authorized direct bankruptcy appeals. Rule 6(c)(2)(K) uses authorization-order entry and requires the attorney for each party to file a statement.
- This guide does not infer consent, grant leave, identify a court-set date or establish electronic or paper filing acceptance.
- Check the circuit’s current local rules, actual orders and the specific appeal route.
What should I check before filing?
Common questions
Trigger, permission and completion
Does this ordinary rule require every party’s attorney to file?
Rule 12(b) identifies the attorney who filed the notice. Rule 6(c)(2)(K) separately addresses each party’s attorney in an authorized direct bankruptcy appeal.
FRAP 12(a)–(c)Does circuit record filing begin this fourteen-day period?
No. Rule 12(b) runs from notice filing. Rule 12(c) treats later record filing as a separate act.
FRAP 12(a)–(c)Does the fourteen-day default override a different court time?
No. Rule 12(b) expressly permits the court of appeals to designate another time.
FRAP 12(a)–(c)Official sources and scope
Provisions used (8)
| Provision | Purpose |
|---|---|
| FRAP 12(b) | The specific required filing and default period |
| FRAP 12(a)–(c) | Ordinary notice, representation and record filing are distinct |
| FRAP 6(c)(1)(A) | Direct-bankruptcy exclusion of ordinary representation rules |
| FRAP 6(c)(2)(K) | Every party’s attorney and authorization-entry default |
| FRAP 26(a) | Counting and inaccessibility |
| FRAP 26(a)(4)–(6) and (b) | Filing boundaries, holidays and actual extensions |
| FRAP 25(a) | Filing methods and separate service |
| FRAP 25(b)–(d) | Filing methods and separate service |